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HSK 6 grammar
The 49 HSK 6 grammar points this site publishes, closing the six-level band.
At the top of the band the grammar does not get broader, it gets more particular: register, written forms, and the constructions that mark a formal text as formal. 25 of the 49 carry an explicit pattern.
Coverage here is partial, as it is at every grammar level. After this page the syllabus stops publishing by level and gives 7 to 9 a single list, which the next page covers.
Grammar
| Point | Category | What it does |
|---|---|---|
| 类前缀“超-、多-、反-、无-、亚-、准-” | Word parts语素 | Productive prefixes; 超- = super-, ultra-.这家店专卖超低价的日用品。This shop specializes in ultra-low-priced daily goods. |
| 类后缀“-化、-式、-型、-性” | Word parts语素 | Productive suffixes; -化 = -ize/-ification.近几年，农村的生活越来越现代化了。In recent years, rural life has become more and more modernized. |
| 人称代词“人家” | Word classes词类 | 人家: others / that person / I (coy self-reference).人家都开始复习了，你还在玩。Everyone else has started reviewing, and you are still playing. |
| 名量词“串、滴、枝、扇、卷” | Word classes词类 | Level-6 nominal measure words; 串 = a string/bunch of.他买了一串葡萄和两串香蕉。He bought a bunch of grapes and two bunches of bananas. |
| 动量词“番” | Word classes词类 | Verbal measure word 番: a round/bout of effortful action.经过一番努力，他终于考上了大学。After a good deal of effort, he finally got into university. |
| 程度副词“特、异常、较为” | Word classes词类 | Degree adverbs; 异常 = unusually, exceptionally.听到这个消息，他显得异常激动。On hearing the news, he seemed unusually agitated. |
| 范围副词“净、一同、大都” | Word classes词类 | Scope adverbs; 净 = nothing but, only.你怎么净说些让人生气的话？Why do you say nothing but infuriating things? |
| 时间副词“一时、不时、仍旧、依旧、一向” | Word classes词类 | Time adverbs; 依旧 = still, as before.十年过去了，小镇依旧那么安静。Ten years on, the small town is as quiet as ever. |
| 频率副词“一再、再三” | Word classes词类 | Frequency adverbs; 再三 = again and again, repeatedly.出门前，妈妈再三提醒我带伞。Before I left, Mom reminded me again and again to take an umbrella. |
| 方式副词“不禁、赶忙、特地、特意、偷偷” | Word classes词类 | Manner adverbs; 不禁 = cannot help but.看到儿时的照片，她不禁笑了。Seeing her childhood photos, she could not help smiling. |
| 否定副词“未必” | Word classes词类 | 未必: not necessarily.贵的东西未必就是好的。Expensive things are not necessarily good. |
| 语气副词“恰好、倒是、干脆、明明、总算” | Word classes词类 | Tone adverbs; 明明 = clearly, obviously (contradicting).你明明知道答案，为什么不说？You clearly know the answer. Why not say it? |
| 介词“于”（引出时间、处所） | Word classes词类 | Formal preposition 于: at/in/on (time or place).这座大桥建于上个世纪五十年代。This bridge was built in the 1950s. |
| 介词“至于”（引出对象） | Word classes词类 | 至于: as for, as to (shifting topic).我先报名，至于去不去，以后再说。I will sign up first; as for whether I go, we will see later. |
| 介词“因”（引出目的、原因） | Word classes词类 | Formal preposition 因: because of, due to.航班因大雾推迟了两个小时。The flight was delayed two hours due to heavy fog. |
| 介词“除”（表示排除） | Word classes词类 | 除 (…外/之外): except for, apart from.除周末外，他每天都去健身房。Except on weekends, he goes to the gym every day. |
| 连词“不料”（连接分句或句子） | Word classes词类 | 不料: unexpectedly, who would have thought.我以为他会答应，不料他一口拒绝了。I thought he would agree; unexpectedly, he refused outright. |
| 结构助词“所” | Word classes词类 | Structural particle 所 before a verb forming a nominal: that which is V-ed.他所说的一切后来都得到了证实。Everything he said was later confirmed. |
| 语气助词“啦、嘛” | Word classes词类 | Sentence-final particles; 嘛 marks obviousness or mild urging.有意见就直接提嘛，别放在心里。If you have objections, just raise them: don’t keep them inside. |
| 其他助词“也好” | Word classes词类 | X也好，Y也好: whether X or Y, it makes no difference.同意也好，反对也好，请先听我说完。Whether you agree or object, please hear me out first. |
| 四字格“A这A那”A这A那 | Phrases短语 | V这V那: fussily doing the action to this and that.她买衣服总是挑这挑那，半天定不下来。When buying clothes she picks at this and that and cannot decide for ages. |
| 四字格“左A右B”左A右B | Phrases短语 | 左A右B: doing the action repeatedly from all sides, e.g. 左思右想.他左思右想，还是觉得这事不对劲。He turned it over and over in his mind and still felt something was off. |
| 固定短语“好（不）容易” | Phrases短语 | 好（不）容易: only with great difficulty (both forms mean the same).我排了两个小时队，好不容易才买到票。I queued for two hours and finally managed to buy a ticket. |
| 固定短语“那倒（也）是” | Phrases短语 | 那倒（也）是: “that’s true, actually”, conceding a point.“坐高铁比开车快多了。”“那倒是。”“Taking the high-speed train is much faster than driving.” “That’s true.” |
| 固定短语“算了” | Phrases短语 | 算了: forget it, let it go.他不愿意去就算了，咱们别勉强。If he does not want to go, forget it. Let’s not force him. |
| 固定短语“得了” | Phrases短语 | Sentence-final 得了: just do X and be done with it.别纠结了，就买这件得了。Stop agonizing, just buy this one and be done with it. |
| A一+量词，B一+量词A一+量词，B一+量词 | Fixed expressions固定格式 | One from A, one from B: many people chiming in by turns.会上大家你一句，我一句，讨论得十分热烈。At the meeting everyone chimed in one after another, and the discussion was lively. |
| 东一A，西一A东一A，西一A | Fixed expressions固定格式 | One here, one there: scattered in disorder.屋里衣服东一件，西一件，乱得下不去脚。Clothes lay scattered here and there in the room; there was nowhere to step. |
| 到……为止到……为止 | Fixed expressions固定格式 | Up until …; ending at ….到目前为止，报名的人已经超过一百了。Up to now, more than a hundred people have signed up. |
| X到Y头上来了X到Y头上来了 | Fixed expressions固定格式 | The trouble/action has come down on Y’s head.他居然把主意打到我头上来了。He actually set his sights on me. |
| 不X不……，一X……不X不……，一X…… | Fixed expressions固定格式 | You don’t know until you X, and when you do, it’s a shock.不看不知道，一看吓一跳，这个月竟花了一万块。I had no idea until I looked, and what a shock: ten thousand yuan spent this month. |
| 好你个X好你个X | Fixed expressions固定格式 | Why, you …! Mock-angry exclamation at someone.好你个小张，偷偷把我的零食吃光了！Why, you little Zhang. You secretly ate up all my snacks! |
| 早（也）不X，晚（也）不X早（也）不X，晚（也）不X | Fixed expressions固定格式 | Of all times, it had to happen right now.电梯早不坏，晚不坏，偏偏上班时坏了。The elevator did not break earlier or later. It had to break right at rush hour. |
| 看/瞧+把+宾语（施事）+X得看/瞧+把+宾语+X得 | Fixed expressions固定格式 | Look how X-ed you are! Teasing comment on someone’s state.瞧把你高兴得，不就是赢了一盘棋吗？Look how pleased you are. It was only one game of chess! |
| 放着X不Y放着X不Y | Fixed expressions固定格式 | To leave the obvious good option X aside and not do Y with it.放着近路不走，你偏要绕远。With a shortcut right there, you insist on going the long way. |
| X了就X了，（没）有……X了就X了，（没）有…… | Fixed expressions固定格式 | What’s done is done: no use dwelling on it.杯子碎了就碎了，没有什么大不了的。The cup is broken, so be it; it is no big deal. |
| 这/那也不X，那/这也不Y这/那也不X，那/这也不Y | Fixed expressions固定格式 | Unhappy with this and that alike: impossible to please.他这也不吃，那也不吃，真难伺候。He will not eat this and will not eat that, so hard to please. |
| X归X，Y归YX归X，Y归Y | Fixed expressions固定格式 | X is one thing, Y is another: keep them separate.工作归工作，生活归生活，得分开。Work is work and life is life. They must be kept apart. |
| 看你X的/瞧他X的看你X的/瞧他X的 | Fixed expressions固定格式 | Look at you, all X! Teasing or deflecting remark.看你急的，先坐下喝口水慢慢说。Look how worked up you are: sit down, have some water, and tell me slowly. |
| 程度补语“动词/形容词+透+了”动词/形容词+透+了 | Parts of the sentence句子成分 | V/Adj + 透了: thoroughly, to the utmost (usually negative).连着加了一个星期班，他烦透了。After a whole week of overtime, he was utterly fed up. |
| “把”字句4主语（非生物体）+把+宾语+动词+其他成分；主语+把+宾语（施事）+动词+其他成分 | Special sentence patterns特殊句型 | 把-sentence with an inanimate subject, or whose object is the agent of the result.一场大风把院子里的花全刮倒了。A strong wind blew down all the flowers in the yard. |
| 并列复句“一时……一时……”一时……一时…… | Multi-clause sentences复句 | Now …, now …: alternating states.山里的天气一时晴，一时雨，说变就变。The mountain weather is now sunny, now rainy. It changes in an instant. |
| 选择复句“要么……，要么……”要么……，要么…… | Multi-clause sentences复句 | Either … or … (exclusive choice).周末他要么在家看书，要么去郊外爬山。On weekends he either reads at home or hikes in the outskirts. |
| 转折复句“虽……，但/可/却/也……”虽……，但/可/却/也…… | Multi-clause sentences复句 | Although … (written 虽), yet ….房间虽小，却收拾得干净整齐。Though the room is small, it is kept clean and tidy. |
| 条件复句“凡是……，都……”凡是……，都…… | Multi-clause sentences复句 | All that … invariably ….凡是他答应过的事，都会做到。Whatever he has promised, he will do. |
| 条件复句“除非……，才……”除非……，才…… | Multi-clause sentences复句 | Only if … will ….除非亲眼看见，他才肯相信。Only if he sees it with his own eyes will he believe it. |
| 条件复句“除非……，否则/不然……”除非……，否则/不然…… | Multi-clause sentences复句 | Unless …, otherwise ….除非提前预订，否则周末根本没有位子。Unless you book ahead, there are simply no seats on weekends. |
| 让步复句“就算……，也……”就算……，也…… | Multi-clause sentences复句 | Even if …, still ….就算再忙，也要按时吃饭。Even at your busiest, you should still eat on time. |
| 目的复句“……，以便……”……，以便…… | Multi-clause sentences复句 | … so as to, in order to (facilitate) ….请留下电话号码，以便我们及时联系您。Please leave your phone number so that we can contact you promptly. |
Source: the official 考试大纲 for HSK 3.0, published November 2025.
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