年 nián year
怎么记住“年”: 𠂉 clouds + 丯 crossed stalks = year. Under dark clouds the whole village carries in the crossed stalks of wheat, and grandpa says "Best harvest of the year!"
部件结构
形声 · Meaning + sound
originally 禾 + 人
One part gives the meaning, the other gives the sound.
年 = 𠂉 clouds + 丯 crossed stalks
- 𠂉 clouds shape only
- 丯 crossed stalks shape only
Under dark clouds the whole village carries in the crossed stalks of wheat, and grandpa says "Best harvest of the year!"
How it came to be
The oldest form is a person with grain on top: it meant harvest, and the person gave the sound.
用法
- 'Year': 今年 (jīnnián) this year, 去年 (qùnián) last year, 明年 (míngnián) next year. Note these take no measure word: say 今年, not 这个年.
- 过年 (guònián) specifically means to celebrate Chinese New Year, not just 'pass a year'.
- Also 'age/youth' in 年轻 (niánqīng) young and school grades in 年级 (niánjí).
含“年”的词语
- 去年qùniánlast yearHSK 1
- 今年jīnniánthis yearHSK 1
- 明年míngniánnext yearHSK 1
- 过年guòniánto celebrate the Chinese New YearHSK 2
- 年轻niánqīngyoungHSK 3
- 年级niánjígradeHSK 3
- 前年qiánniánthe year before lastHSK 3
- 后年hòuniánthe year after nextHSK 3
- 新年xīnniánNew YearHSK 3
- 年龄niánlíng(a person's) ageHSK 4
- 中年zhōngniánmiddle ageHSK 4
- 少年shàoniánearly youthHSK 4
- 年底niándǐthe end of the yearHSK 4
- 童年tóngniánchildhoodHSK 4
- 老年lǎoniánelderlyHSK 4
- 青年qīngniányouthHSK 4
- 周年zhōuniánanniversaryHSK 5
- 学年xuéniánacademic yearHSK 5
- 年代niándàia decade of a century (e.g. the Sixties)HSK 5
- 年初niánchūbeginning of the yearHSK 5
- 年夜饭niányèfànreunion dinner on Lunar New Year's EveHSK 5
- 年纪niánjìageHSK 5
- 当年dāngniánin those daysHSK 5
- 成年chéngniánto grow to adulthoodHSK 5
- 近年来jìnniánláifor the past few yearsHSK 5
- 历年lìniáncalendar yearHSK 6
- 常年chángniánall year roundHSK 6
- 年度niándùyear (e.g. school year, fiscal year)HSK 6
- 年终niánzhōngend of the yearHSK 6
- 往年wǎngniánin former yearsHSK 6
- 拜年bàiniánto pay a New Year callHSK 6
- 未成年人wèichéngniánrénminor (i.e. person under 18)HSK 6
- 多年来duōniánláifor the past many yearsHSK 7
- 年报niánbàoannual reportHSK 7
- 年画niánhuàNew Year (Spring Festival) pictureHSK 7
- 早年zǎoniánmany years agoHSK 7
- 晚年wǎnniánone's later yearsHSK 7
- 来年láiniánnext yearHSK 7
- 连年liánniánsuccessive yearsHSK 7
- 成年chéngniánfully grownHSK 7
例句
- 我工作了半年。 Wǒ gōngzuòle bàn nián.I worked for half a year.
- 奶奶两年前去世了。 Nǎinai liǎng nián qián qùshì le.My grandmother died two years ago.
- 这几年上海的变化很快。 Zhè jǐ nián Shànghǎi de biànhuà hěn kuài.Shanghai has changed rapidly the last few years.
- 2008年的奥运会在北京举行。 Èr líng líng bā nián de Àoyùnhuì zài Běijīng jǔxíng.The 2008 Olympic Games were held in Beijing.